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ADHD Medications For Adults If you have been diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood The initial treatment is likely to include medication. Stimulants improve concentration and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity. Long-acting formulations are the best choice because they allow patients to take advantage of the medication throughout the day and avoid side effects (such as hearing ringing or changes in vision). Psychotherapy can also help you manage symptoms. Therapy can help you learn new skills to cope with ADHD improve your relationships and find stability at work or in your personal life. Long-acting stimulant formulations Medications in this class help improve attention and focus and reduce impulsivity by boosting the levels of two neurotransmitters, dopamine as well as norepinephrine. These are two essential chemicals that regulate the prefrontal cortex region of the brain, which is often referred to as the “secretary” or “executive functioning” area. This is because this area determines how you plan, organize and execute. This helps you stay on task, prioritize tasks and keep your emotions in check. Stimulants are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD and are available in a variety of doses and forms. Your doctor will prescribe an appropriate medication based upon your health history and symptoms. Some of the more common long-acting stimulant formulations include methylphenidate/amphetamine (Concerta), methylphenidate/amphetamine/dextroamphetamine (Metabolite CD), methylphenidate/amphetamine/dextroamphetamine/dextromethorphan (Ritalin-LA) and methylphenidate/amphetamine/dextroamphetamine/dextroamphetamine/amiloride extended-release (Adderall XR). adhd uk medication -action profiles of these stimulants with long-acting properties permit doctors to choose the best drug for each patient. For example, if a patient struggles in the morning, a long-acting methylphenidate/amphetamine/dextroamphetamine formulation may be beneficial because it provides an effect for up to 8 hours. In addition to that, these formulations have a reduced risk of adverse effects like sleepiness or stomach upsets than shorter-acting medicines. They also do not increase heart rate and blood pressure in the same way as stimulants that work quickly which is crucial for people suffering from heart disease. One exception to this are the AMP salts found in Adderall which can raise heart rate and blood pressure slightly. However, your physician can monitor your medication to ensure these levels are safe. Clonidine and Guanfacine are two other medications that treat ADHD without stimulating your nervous system. They take longer to begin working than stimulants, but are less likely to be misused. They aren't as effective in enhancing focus and attention however, they can help reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity. They are available in a variety of dosages and forms such as extended-release tablets and capsules. Clonidine, a long-acting medication, Intuniv, is approved for adults and can be combined with other forms of treatment, such as behavioral therapy. It's important to keep in mind that any medication you take is a tool that's only part of the process. Behavioral therapy is also essential to helping you manage your ADHD. Guanfacine or clonidine Guanfacine and clonidine are central alpha-2 agonists that are FDA-approved to treat high blood pressure, but are also used “off label” to treat ADHD. They operate by stimulating both alpha-2 receptors that are preand postsynaptically. The medication reduces sympathetic nervous impulses from the blood vessel and the heart to the vasomotor area that result in a decrease of heart rate and peripheral resistance. It can help improve the primary symptoms of ADHD, such as hyperactivity and impulsivity. It also helps reduce tics that are associated with Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders. It can be used as a standalone drug or in conjunction with stimulants. In a study of preschool-aged ADHD children 78% of the children who took stimulants and Guanfacine experienced improvement in their symptoms. These medications have a greater half-life than stimulants, meaning they remain in the body for up to 24 hours. They are less likely to cause sedation or insomnia. They can be taken as a tablet or as a patch. Patches are a great option for people who fail to take their pills or who don't enjoy taking them in a pill. It is crucial to take these medicines exactly as directed. The medication won't be effective in the event that the dosage is too small. If the dose is too high, it may reduce your blood pressure too excessively. This could be risky for people who have low blood pressure or heart disease. Clonidine and Guanfacine were both developed in the past to treat hypertension. Both are deemed safe for adults and can be taken as a stand-alone medication or in conjunction with a stimulant. They are also sometimes used to improve anxiety symptoms in patients with ADHD and can cause problems with the ability to focus. Clonidine is also used to treat sleep issues that are a result of ADHD. It does not affect appetite, which can be beneficial for those who are struggling with weight issues. Studies of guanfacine and clonidine have proven that they are both effective in treating the primary symptoms of ADHD. They can be used by themselves or in combination with a stimulant. Both are more likely than other medications to cause side effects. Clonidine is particularly efficient in reducing tics caused by Tourette syndrome and other disorders that cause tics. Clonidine isn't as effective in reducing inattentive ADHD symptoms. Ritalin Methylphenidate (also known as Ritalin) is a central nervous system stimulant. It can reduce many of the most frequent symptoms of ADHD. It can help improve concentration, stop fidgeting and reduce impulsive behaviour and also improves the ability of an inattention person to focus. It is usually used in conjunction with other treatments, like behavioral therapy. Ritalin can have a range of adverse effects, however they are usually mild and disappear as your body gets used to the medication. Focalin XR capsules are available in two forms: immediate-release tablets, with small doses, which can be taken two or three times a day. You can also take extended-release capsules twice a day in the morning and the dose will be released throughout the day. The extended-release capsules, Focalin XR, only contain right-handed methylphenidate molecules, which minimizes the risk of side effects compared to other formulations. Other methylphenidate medicines include short-acting tablets or chewable tablets, which are usually taken twice daily and last for about four hours, and the long-acting solution or tablet (Lisdexamfetamine). They are typically given to adolescents and children older than 5 years old and adults who have not responded to methylphenidate treatment after six weeks. All forms of methylphenidate have been linked to serious heart problems for certain people. Anyone who has a history of cardiovascular disease should avoid using methylphenidate. It may also trigger an increase in heart rate in some individuals and can affect blood flow through your feet and hands. It can interact with other medications like blood thinners or anticholinergics. It is essential to share with your doctor a complete list of the prescription and non-prescription drugs you are taking. They will then be able to check for potential interactions. Another alternative is a non-stimulant drug called Strattera is available and can be prescribed to adults suffering from ADHD. It regulates dopamine levels, and does not cause the same side-effects as stimulant medications. It may take longer to take effect than other treatments, but is believed to be a suitable option for patients of adult age who don't want to use stimulant medications. Adderall Adderall is a stimulant medication that stimulates certain brain regions. It assists people to focus on their behavior, manage their behavior and manage hyperactivity. It may also improve mood by altering the way that the brain releases chemicals like dopamine and sérotonin. People who have ADHD often have lower levels of these chemicals, which contributes to their excessive activity and inability to manage their emotions. This is why some adults with ADHD do not respond to medications. If used as directed, Adderall is not considered to be a drug that causes dependence and is not a cause of dependence. However there are risks with taking Adderall and it is possible to have adverse effects that require medical attention. If you have any questions or concerns, talk to your doctor. The signs of Adderall overdose can include restlessness and muscle twitching, an increase in heart rate, confusion, hallucinations and anxiety. Get emergency medical help if you have these symptoms: Adderall is not recommended to be taken with medications that affect mood, like antidepressants or depression medicines. Combining these drugs can increase the risk of serious side effects, such as seizures or even death. This medication is not recommended for children who are under 12 years old. Stimulant medication can cause difficulty in sleeping. You can lessen the effects by limiting screen time and caffeine (e.g. TV or video games). You can also try a sleep aid, such as Melatonin. You can also switch to a longer acting formulation of the drug like Adderall extended-release. This will help prevent “rebound” effects that occur in the late afternoon or evening when the medication wears off. Many adults with ADHD take an immediate-release tablet in the morning to complement the medication that has a long-acting effect. Some people who do not have ADHD take stimulants such as Adderall to feel more alert or energetic. This can cause people to believe that the medication is a magic drug. Some of these beliefs may even lead to addiction. Additionally taking Adderall for non-medical reasons could raise the risk of a positive drug test for amphetamines.